Drying and baking oven.



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DHYING AND EAKING OVEN. APPLICATION FILED DEC. I9. I9I2.

' Patented 001;. I9, MI5.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

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(5.1. MASHEK.

DRYING AND BAKING OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED 05019. I9I2.

Patented Oct. 19, 1915.

4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

WITNESS/:"8

G. 1. MASHEK.

DRYING AND BAKING OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. I9. I9l2.

Patented @I.19,1915.

4 I MEETS-SHEET 3- G. J. MASHEK.

ummm; AND BAKING ovEN.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. I9. |912.

Lw'@ 4 wanted @et 19, 191.5n

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tiran str-:Atras rnirniv'r cumbia GEORGE J. MASHJEK, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

i Darme AND BAKING. ovniv.

. Specification of Letters latent.

Patented Uct. 1 9, 1915.

Application filed December 19, 1912. Serial No. 737,611. i

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, GEORGE J. MAsHEK,a citizen of the United States, residing 1n Newark, Essex county, in the State. of Newv` Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drying and Baking Ovens, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specication.

My invention. relates to improvements in drying and baking apparatus, and the same has for its object more particularly to provide a drying and baking oven of the continuous feed and discharge type 1n which the supports or receptacles for .the material to be treated are maintained in unchanging position relative to the conveyer from the time they receive the material to be treated until vthey discharge the same.

Further. said'inventionv has for its objectv and ends my invention consists in the successive steps constituting -mv method and in the novel details of construction in operation, connection and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification wherein like numerals of reference indicate like parts-Figure 1 is a'central longitudinal section showing one form of drying and baking oven constructed according to, and embodying my said invention; Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3

is a top view partly broken out showing a part of the furnaces; Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail side view showing a portion of the endless conveyer, and buckets thereon, and the means for tripping said buckets; Fig. 5 is a half-sectional end viewtaken on the /line 1-1 ofkFig. 3 showing the interiorof one of the ovens; Figs. 6 and 7 aredetail t'op and side views 4respectively showing the guides for holding the buckets yin horizontal position for loading; Fig."8 'is a detail lend.

viewv showing the means for holding the buckets against lateral movement during the loadlngvoperation, and Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail sectional view taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. 4.

I n saidl drawings 10 designates the oven as a whole whichisbuilt of brick and of rectangular outline. The interior'of said structure is divided transversely 'into four compartments 11, 12, 13, 14. The first of said compartments (11) constitutes the receiving and discharging chamber, and the remaining of said compartments (12, 13, 14) constitute the heating or baking chambers. When the oven 1s used for baking briquets, I preferably maintain temperatures of about 5009, 300, and 250o respectively in said compartments. J

15 denotes a longitudinal partition which extends across the top of the oven compartments 12,13 and terminates in a vertical sectionv 16 which is arranged directly above the wall separating the oven compartments 13, 14, and extends to the top of 'the oven 10. A transverse opening 16EL is provided in said vertical section 16 for the passage of the conveyer, and the ultimate dischargeof the gases from the ovens. l

The left hand wall of the oven compartment 12 has a longitudinal inlet opening at its lower end formed by making said wall in two sections 12a, 12b, and arranging the same yin vertical planes, one behind the other with the horizontal edges overlapping. The com# partments 12, 13, are provided at,` the upper ends of their right hand walls with longitudinal outlet openings 12, 13C,"v respectively,

shown as "of two: dil'erent forms, vdepending upon the size of ythe"chamber'infthe bottom of' which theyare located.4 The purpose hereof beingito prevent the heat ascending in a particularspot, and lthereby Ecause the bucketsand iron work at that point .to bei 1'10 is arranged a transverse driving shaft 21 which is mountedV in suitable bearings, and

has its opposite ends extending-throughthe 'side' walls of the joven. At theforward end of said shaft 211s fixed a pulley` 22 which yis adaptedfor connection-with a suitable sourcel of power, and at the opposite end of said shaft 21 is iXed ,a vpinion 23 which meshes witha large gear 24 fiXedupon a' shaft 25 Lsuitably. mounted directly below the shaft 21.

Upon'the portion of the shaft 25 within the oven and adjacent to the opposite side walls thereof are Xed sprocket wheels 28,

128".- Within the oven are arranged three horizontal rows `of shafts 27, 28 and 29,

which are provided adjacent to their opposite ends, but'within the oven', with sprocket wheels 27a, 28a, 29a. The sprocket wheels 29L are arranged directly below the centers of the intervals between the sprocket Awheels 28a.

30, 30'denotes endless chain belts which pass over the sprocket wheels 27a, then downwardly and Vover'the right hand sprocket wheel, 29, -and thence upwardly over the sprocket wheels 28a. From these sprocket wheels the said chain belts 30, 30, thende pass alternately downward and then upward again over the sprocket wheels 29", 28a through the several compartments of the oven. -The right hand sprocket shaft 29 has its opposite ends supported in sliding bearings 29", 29" working in vertical openvings or guides 29", 29.provided in the opposite side walls of the oven.

Upon the outer side ofeach of said bearings 29" is secured a cover plate' 29d which serves to maintain said vertical opening 29c closed to prevent the escape of hot air or gases and the entrance of cold air into the oven as the bearing 29" therein is caused to move up or down. The sprocket chains 30, 30 are maintained at the lvrequired degree of tautness vby means of weights 29e, 29", suspended from the outer ends of the bearings 29", 29".

31, 31 denote longitudinal buckets having ends which extend above the top' edges of saidbuckets and are pivotally connected at their outer sides, adjacent to their upper edges to the chain belts 30, 30. Theconstruction of saidl buckets 31, 31, is such as to cause the same to hang normally in a horizontal position during their passage through the oven. Each end'of said buckets 31 is provided ,iipon its outer lower edge directly below its supporting pivot with a stud 31". In order tol prevent undue tension upon any part of the chain belts 30, 30 the driving shaft 21, and certain of the shafts 27 may bejprovided at their forward ends with sprocket wheels 27", 27" and the same having aswinging door 33 to preventthe escape of hot air and gases from the oven,

Aand the entrance of cold air into the same. The said chute 32 has its base 33a extended y. opposite ends of the buckets 31, in order to prevent the tilting of said buckets during the loading operation. Adjacent to the inner sides of the buckets 31, and opposite to the inner end of the chute 32 is arranged a vertical guard plate 38 which is secured at its opposite ends to the side walls of the oven, and upon the end wall of the oven directly below the chute 32, are secured two inclined defiecting plates 39, 40, arranged one above the other.

In the loading of the buckets as they pass in front of the mouth of the chute 32, the first particles that are discharged into the buckets are received upon that side of the bucket nearest to the outlet of the chute 32, and as the buckets descend the particles gradually lill across the bucket toward the opposite edge. At about this time the front t edge of the succeeding bucket is beginning to receive the irst of its charge. By this arrangement a fairly even, uniform loading of each bucket is insured and any particles tending to spill over the rear edge of the buckets are returned to the buckets by the guard plate 38. Any particles fallingdirectly from the chute 32 are caught upon the deiecting plates 39, 40 and thereby guided into the buckets.

Adjacent to the left hand end of the oven, above the horizontal partition 15 is arranged a discharge hopper 41 having a forwardly inclined spout 41 which projects through the rearward wall of the oven, and has its projecting end provided with a pivoted cover or door 41". Near the end of the circuit, viz. adjacent to the opposite ends of said hopper 41 is-arranged the means for discharging the buckets 31. yThe said means consists of a pair of semi-circular angle irons 42, 42 one of which is secured to each side wall of the oven in such positionrelatively to the hopper 41, and chain belts 30,

so thatv as the'buckets 31 vapproach said hopper, the studs 31h on said bucketsv will engage the rounded portions of said angle irons 42, 42 and cause. said buckets to tiltas they pass over said hopper, and therebyl discharge their contents into the same. s To discharge the products of combustion,

vapors, gases, etc., stacks 43, 44 vand 45 are provided. The stacks 4,3 and 44 extend from the opposite sides of the oven while the stacks 45 extend `from the top thereof.

The said stacks are provided with dampers such'as 44a, see Fig. l5. I

In order to prevent-undue heatingof the bearings for the sprocket shafts )28, 29 the of. access being had to the interior offthe oven for the purposes-,of cleaning, repairing,etc.. i

The operation ofthe ovenin general will be obvious from the foregoing description. It may be stated, however, that power i's applied to the driving shaft 21 by me'ansof the pulley 22, pini n 23, gear 24 on the shaft 25 having fixed hereon, the sprocket wheels 28a, 28a over which pass the connected chain belts 30, 30, :andthe latter thereby caused to rotate in the direction of the a-rrows Fig. 1'.A The material to be treated is fed into the chute 32 at the left hand end of the'oven, by the endless conveyer 36 and discharged into the buckets 31, as they pass by the mouth of said chute. The buckets 31 are then caused to pass up and down several times through each of the oven compartments 12, 13, l14, and then horizontally, through the 4passage labove the horizontal' partition 15,;at the `left hand end of which the studs 31 of the buckets'30 engagel thel tripping member and discharge the material lllli into the` discharge hopper 41- whencev it passes through. thfes'pout 41a. For the -pur-..

pose of baking` coal briquets I may main- I tain the highest temperature within the compartment l2, a somewhat lower temperature` l inthe compartment- 13, and a still" lower temperature 'in the compartment 14.- fllior example I wouldmaintain a temperature of 500o within the compartment 12, 300.o within the compartment 13,and` 250- within the compartment 14; The temperature in the passage above thel horizontal partition 1 5' and. also that within the compartment ll.l may be-the saine as that'of the outsideat-v decrease the intensity outlets, -an endless'A conveyer extending mosphere, orslightlyl above, such tempera-` ture. In some instances, depending upon thepurposes for which the oven is used, it may be desirabletov maintain the lowest temperature lwithin thecompartment 12, and

increase` the same within'V the succeeding chambers.

It will of course be understood thatl the oven herein shown and described may be used for a variety'of purposes, such as drying, annealing, Vheating or baking, and in which it -may be desired either to increase or of the heat from entrance to exit.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secu'rebyu Letters Patent is l. An apparatus of "the character described'comprising an oven consistingof va4 plurality of separate compartments having' outlets therein-leading from one compartment to the next, means for separately heating said compartments, means for retarding the passage of heated fluid through said through saidcompartments and said outlets therein, receptacles arranged upon said con'- v veyer, eans fory loading said receptacles while in transit, means for maintaining said receptacles 1n position during said loading operation, and means for tilting said receptacles to dischargevthe contents thereof after passing through the oven, substan- I tially as specified.

2, An apparatus of the character described comprising an oven consisting of a plurality ofpseparate compartments having outlets therein leading from one compartment to the next, means for retarding the passage of heated fluid through said outlets, means for heating. said compartments, an endless conveyer extending through said compartments and said outlets therein, buckets pivotally mounted upon said con'- veyer, means for loading said buckets while in transit, means for guiding said buckets .during said loading operation, means for' v tilting said buckets to discharge the contents thereof after passing through the oven, and means for conducting the contents lof said buckets from the oven, substantially as specified.

3. A n` apparatus `of the character described comprising an' oven consisting of a plurality of vertical compartments arranged vside'by side andprovided 'with outlets at their upper ends,V baiile plates arranged n- .A

lsaid compartments and extending from the Atop thereof downwardly in -front of said outlets, anendless conveyer Aarranged ,in said oven and extending vertically through said compartments-and passing through the loutlets therein, buckets pivotally mounted upon'said conveyer, -a'ehute for conducting Y. the fmaterial linto said bucketswhile intransit, means for maintaining said buckets in horizontal position during said loading operation, a guard .plate arranged to the rear of said buckets adjacent to the end of saidceiving contents of said bucket anddischarging the same from the oven, substantially as specified.

4. An apparatus of the character described comprising an oven consisting of a plurality of vertical compartments having outlets at the top thereof and a longitudinal compartment arranged above certain of said vertical compartments, heating means arranged in each of said compartments, an endless conveyer arranged 1n sa1d oven and extending through said vertical and horizontal compartments therein, transverse shafts mounted in said oven and extending throughv said compartments, sprocket wheels arranged upon said shafts, meansffor actuating said endless conveyer, buckets pivotally mounted upon said endless conveyer, a chute arranged at one end of said oven for delivering the material to be treated to said buckets, guides .arranged adjacent to the discharge end of said chute for maintaining said bucket lin -horizontal position during the loading operation, means arranged adjacent to said chute coperating therewith to load said buckets evenly, projections arranged upon each of said buckets, cam means arranged witliin said oven\ adapted to engage with the projections on said buckets to tilt the same, and a hopperarranged below said cam means and provided with a spout eX- tendingl through the side of the furnace, substantially as specified.

5. An apparatus of the character described comprlsing an oven consisting of av plurality of separate vertical compartments having outlets at their tops, a horizontal compartment arrangedfabove certain of said vertical compartments, baie plates depending from the bottom of said horizontal compartments and extending downwardly in front of said outlets, furnaces arranged in the bases of said compartments, a plurality of horizontalrows of shafts arranged within said oven, sprocket wheels thereon; a plurality of saidsliafts and sprocket wheels'being arranged in each compartment, an endless conveyer passing over said sprocket wheels, buckets pivotally mounted upon said conveyer, projections arranged at the opposite ends of said buckets, a chute for conducting material to be treated into said buckets, a pair of vertical guides arranged at the opposite sides of the furnace for receiving the supporting means and the projections on said buckets in order to maintain the same in horizontal position during the loading operation, a guard plate and deflecting plates coperating with said chute to load said bucket evenly, semicircular plates arranged upon opposite sides of the oven above the loading chute adapted to engage the projections on said buckets to tilt the same, and a hopper having a rcstricted spout extending through the side of said o ven for discharging the material from shafts arranged transversely of the oven and certain thereof extending through each of said compartments adjacent to their upper and lower ends, sprocket wheels arranged upon said shafts, a driving shaft, sprocket wheels thereon, a pair of sprocket chains extending in sinuous form o ver said sprocket wheels, buckets suspended at their opposite ends from said sprocket chains, and means for discharging said buckets comprising projections arranged at opposite ends thereof, and .coperating means arranged within said oven adapted to engage w-ith said projections whereby to tilt said buckets, substantially as specified.

Signed at the city of New York, in the county and State of New York, this 6th day of December, nineteen hundred and twelve.

GEORGE J. MASHEK. Witnesses: 4

J osnrn G. QUINN, J r., CONRAD A. DIETERICH. 

